Germanium single crystal material

1. Production introduction

Our company provides you with high-quality germanium single crystal production , germanium single crystal chip and so on. We have five professional and efficient single crystal furnaces. We use the Czochralski method to produce single crystal germanium, with an annual output of 30 tons of germanium. We fully guarantee your supply. Welcome to inquire or purchase.

2. Introduction of germanium single crystal

Germanium is an important semiconductor material, which is used to manufacture transistors and various electronic devices. The annual consumption of germanium in the field of infrared optics accounts for 20-30% of the total consumption in all fields. Germanium is mainly used as the optical material of lens, prism, window and filter in infrared optical system.

3. Application of germanium single crystal

Germanium single crystal can be used as transistor and is the first generation of transistor material.

Germanium has been gradually replaced by silicon in the electronic industry.

However, due to the higher electron and hole mobility of germanium than silicon, germanium has better performance than silicon in high-speed switching circuits.

Germanium has new applications in infrared devices and gamma radiation detectors.

The application of germanium in infrared optics  is mainly used to manufacture infrared optics lens  and to protect the infrared optics window of the infrared optics lens. More than 60% of the middle and low-end infrared optical lenses are made of germanium single crystal, and 50% of the high-end infrared optical lenses are made of germanium single crystal. In the civil infrared lens, the single set of medium and small aperture lens consumes about 250g of germanium, and the large aperture lens consumes about 250g of germanium.

Military infrared window is mainly used in aircraft and armored vehicles, especially in helicopters. The application of infrared optical lens includes military application and civil use. In military, it is mainly used in airborne infrared lens, shipborne infrared lens, subgrade infrared lens, vehicle mounted infrared lens head, infrared gun aiming lens, helmet mounted infrared lens, handheld infrared lens, etc.

The civil infrared window is mainly used in various monitoring thermal imagers and night auxiliary pilot. The civil field is mainly used in security, civil vehicles, civil ships, civil aircraft, police and so on.

4. The production method of single crystal germanium is as follows

In recent years, stimulated by the strong demand for infrared optical and semiconductor materials, China's germanium production technology capacity has improved rapidly. At present, domestic enterprises have been able to produce optical fiber grade, infrared grade and solar grade germanium products.

At present, the growth methods of ge single crystal mainly include single crystal Czochralski method, horizontal Bridgman method and  VGF method. Among them, Czochralski method is the most commonly used growth method of germanium single crystal, which has the advantages of visualization of growth process, high yield, high degree of automation of crystal growth, no contact between crystal and crucible, avoiding parasitic nucleation of crucible and other defects. But at the same time, the diameter of the crucible should be more than 2 times of the crystal diameter. Therefore, it is difficult to grow germanium single crystals with large size by Czochralski method. The horizontal Bridgman method has the advantages of fast crystal growth and low cost, but it is difficult to grow large size germanium single crystal because of the D-type crystal and low utilization. The crystal diameter of the VGF method is the same as that of the crucible. Theoretically, large size germanium single crystals can be grown. However, it is easy to form parasitic nucleation at the junction of crucible and crystal. In addition, the crystal grown by VGF method has concave interface, which is difficult to guarantee the yield of crystal.

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